V38W Dry disturbed sites with biennal pioneer vegetation

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Description

Biennial pioneer vegetation of abandoned sites.

Protection

This habitat is not protected under the EU Habitat Directive.

Floristic Composition

Frequent species

Daucus carota 93%, Helminthotheca echioides 66%, Foeniculum vulgare 60%, Plantago lanceolata 55%, Picris hieracioides 53%, Erigeron canadensis 53%, Dactylis glomerata 52%, Cirsium vulgare 50%, Verbena officinalis 50%, Holcus lanatus 47%, Dipsacus fullonum 47%, Hypericum perforatum 43%, Melilotus albus 43%, Sonchus oleraceus 41%, Pulicaria dysenterica 34%, Calystegia sepium 34%, Medicago lupulina 34%, Lotus tenuis 31%, Convolvulus arvensis 31%, Trifolium pratense 31%, Mentha suaveolens 31%, Crepis capillaris 24%, Potentilla reptans 24%, Trifolium repens aggr. 19%, Lactuca virosa 19%, Rumex conglomeratus 19%, Malva multiflora 17%, Epilobium parviflorum 17%, Taraxacum sect. Taraxacum 17%, Symphyotrichum squamatum 17%, Lolium perenne 16%, Plantago major 16%, Avena barbata 16%, Andryala integrifolia 16%, Tussilago farfara 14%, Rubus ulmifolius 12%, Thrincia saxatilis aggr. 12%, Chenopodium album 12%, Lactuca serriola 12%, Cirsium arvense 12%, Epilobium tetragonum 12%, Rumex crispus 12%, Medicago sativa 12%, Urtica dioica 10%, Achillea millefolium 10%, Raphanus raphanistrum 10%, Solanum nigrum 10%, Setaria viridis 10%, Piptatherum miliaceum 10%, Schedonorus arundinaceus 10%, Polygonum aviculare 10%, Origanum vulgare 10%, Linum bienne 10%, Galactites tomentosus 10%, Erigeron sumatrensis 10%, Hirschfeldia incana 10%, Bromus hordeaceus aggr. 10%, Echium rosulatum 10%, Lapsana communis 10%, Bromus diandrus 9%, Anagallis arvensis 9%, Equisetum telmateia 9%, Bromus sterilis 9%, Rumex obtusifolius 9%, Persicaria maculosa 9%, Verbascum dentifolium 9%, Jacobaea vulgaris 9%, Malva sylvestris 9%, Hypochaeris radicata 9%, Melilotus officinalis 9%, Geranium robertianum 9%, Oenothera biennis 9%, Vicia sativa aggr. 7%, Scrophularia scorodonia 7%, Sinapis arvensis 7%, Centaurea nigra 7%, Arctium minus 7%, Trifolium angustifolium 7%, Agrimonia eupatoria 7%, Bellis perennis 7%, Cynosurus echinatus 7%, Euphorbia segetalis 7%, Phleum pratense aggr. 7%, Equisetum arvense 7%, Plantago media 7%, Echium vulgare 7%, Coleostephus myconis 7%, Lotus corniculatus 7%, Agrostis stolonifera 5%, Paspalum dilatatum 5%, Ammi majus 5%, Geranium rotundifolium 5%, Phalaris aquatica 5%, Dorycnium rectum 5%, Trifolium dubium 5%, Torilis arvensis aggr. 5%, Avena sterilis 5%, Elytrigia campestris 5%, Prunella vulgaris 5%, Centaurium erythraea 5%, Dysphania ambrosioides 5%, Sanguisorba minor 5%, Vulpia myuros 5%

Phytosociology

  • Helminthio echioidis-Melilotetum albae

Relations with other habitat types

These communities, dominated by taller, biennial or short-lived perennial plants ultimately outcompeting V37W, occupy wetter and less grazed situations than the thistle-dominated rest of V38, and have a higher proportion of neophytes. In pre-Neolithic times, this vegetation (as well as the rest of V38) occurred in places where nutrients collected across large areas were concentrated to a certain degree, such as resting spots of large animals, roostings of birds or the surroundings of their breeding colonies (as pointed out under N316), generating soils more eutrophic than those possibly deriving from the burning of vegetation or the sun-enhanced mineralisation of litter in clearings (nowadays, such eutrophic conditions occur very frequently in rubbish dumps and the like). Once the exogenous abundance of nutrients is sequestered in biomass, unless their input persists, the seedlings of non-nitrophilous plants become more competitive and the succession towards zonal mesic vegetation can proceed, usually through a perennial-dominated stage of block V39.

Regional distribution

Known occurrences and potential area of occupancy of the habitat type in the study region.

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Citation: IBEROATLANTICA – Flora and Habitats of the Cantabrian Mixed Forests ecoregion.
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